Poland's energy efficiency increased by 0.9% in 2022 compared to 2021. Between 2012 and 2022, the annual cumulative growth rate of energy efficiency amounted to 0.9%. Primary energy intensity of GDP decreased by an average of 2.6% per year during this period, while final energy intensity of GDP decreased by 2.4%. The fastest rate of energy efficiency improvement was observed in industry (by 1.9%).

As of 31 December 2023, there were 1,245.2 thousand people enrolled in higher education institutions in Poland, by 21.5 thousand more than in 2022.

According to the data of the European system of integrated social protection statistics (ESSPROS), in Poland in 2021 the expenditures for social protection benefits amounted to 591.9 billion PLN, which accounted for 98.4% of total sum of expenditures for social protection.

In 2023, the sown area of total cereals, rape and turnip rape as well as sugar beets increased, while the sown area of potatoes dereased. Compared to 2022, the production of field vegetables and tree friut decreased as well as the production of berry fruit. In December 2023, there was an annual increase in the number of cattle, sheep, pigs and poultry in total.