According to the flash estimate, gross domestic product (GDP) in volume terms seasonally unadjusted was higher by 0.4% in the 3rd quarter of 2023 year-to-year against 4.1% increase in the corresponding period of 2022.

As at the end of October 2023 the REGON register included 5 130.9 thous. of national economy entities, i.e. by 0.3% more than a month before. The number of newly registered entities in October amounted to 37.1 thous.

In the third quarter of 2023, there were 86,179 registrations of enterprises recorded i.e. 8.3% less than in the corresponding period of previous year and 87 enterprises declared bankruptcy i.e. 26.1% more than in the third quarter of 2022.

In 2022, 187 firms conducted biotechnology activities, which constitutes an increase by 8.1% in comparison to the previous year. Biotechnology intramural expenditures incurred by firms amounted to PLN 1952.7 million and increased by 41.4% on an annual basis. In 2022, 4317 persons were employed in biotechnology in firms. Biotechnology research and experimental development was conducted by 234 entities, that is, by 7.8% more in comparison with the previous year. Biotechnology R&D intramural expenditures amounted to PLN 1432.4 million and increased by 20.9% annually. 8431 persons were involved in biotechnology research and experimental development.

At the end of May 2023, the share of foreigners in the total number of people performing work was 6.4%. Foreigners performing work in May 2023 came from over 150 countries.

Student - a person attending first-cycle, second-cycle or long-cycle programmes at a higher school/higher education institution. A graduate of a higher education institution obtains a tertiary education diploma in a given field and profile of study, confirming the award of: Bachelor's degree or equivalent certifying tertiary education on completion of the first-cycle programme; Master's degree or equivalent certifying tertiary education on completion of the second-cycle and long-cycle programmes.

The number of persons aged 15-89 who per-formed unregistered employment (at least once) in the period from January to December 2022 was 342 thousand (compared to the same period of 2017, which was observed in the previous edition of the module survey, it is a decrease by 538 thousand, i.e. by 61.1%).