Crops are understood as the preliminary stage of a tree stand formation or renewals resulting from artificial renewals through planting or sowing. It lasts from the moment of germination of seeds or planting of seedlings to the time of crown contact, i.e. achieving density. Tending works specific to crops include the following: soil loosening, weed removal, removal of redundant seedlings (early cleaning), and improving the condition of young trees.

• Forest breeding